Gas Nitriding is a technique that involves subjecting the surface of metal materials to a high-temperature treatment in an ammonia gas atmosphere. Its principles are based on thermodynamics and chemical reactions, and it mainly includes the following aspects:

1. During the nitriding process, the surface of the metal material reacts with nitrogen gas, forming a nitrided layer. Nitrogen molecules penetrate the material’s surface and react with the surface metal atoms to generate
2. The nitriding process requires high temperatures, typically conducted between 500-600°C. This allows the metal atoms to possess sufficient kinetic energy, facilitating reactions with nitrogen gas molecules while also ensuring that the reactions occur at an adequate rate and extent.
3. Different nitriding methods can affect the thickness and structure of the nitrided layer, thereby influencing its performance. For example, nitriding in an ammonia atmosphere can produce a relatively uniform nitrided layer, while ion nitriding can create a more uniform and dense nitrided layer due to the precise control of the ion beam.
4. The nitrided layer can enhance the hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance of the metal materials. It can also improve the surface roughness and friction characteristics of the material, increasing durability and overall performance.